Job Description

A Political Scientist studies the origin, development, and operation of political systems and public policy. They research political ideas, analyze governments, policies, political trends, and related issues.

Typical Preparation

Education: Master's degree

Years in related career: None

On-the-job training: None

Outlook

Projected Growth: 6.6% (far above average)

Annual job openings: 500

Direct AI exposure: 25% of tasks

Potential AI exposure: 83% of tasks

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, average income (in USD) in 2025 was $142K per year.
Bottom 10%Bottom 25%Median (average)Top 25%Top 10%
$83K
per year
$114K
per year
$142K
per year
$174K
per year
$195K
per year
Compared to other careers: Median is $91K above the national average.

What does a Political Scientist do?

Duties

  • Conducts research on political subjects such as government policies, political trends, and ideologies.
  • Analyzes the structure and operation of governments and political entities.
  • Evaluates the effects of policies and laws on government, businesses, and people.
  • Develops political theories based on research and historical documents.
  • Advises political organizations, government officials, or media on political strategies and issues.

Work environment

Political Scientists typically work in government, for non-profit organizations, in higher education, or for private sector research firms. Their work often involves research, policy analysis, and teaching. Many Political Scientists also engage in writing reports and publishing their findings.

Typical Schedule

Areas of specialization

  • Comparative Politics: Studying and comparing political systems across different countries.
  • International Relations: Focusing on relationships between countries, including foreign policy and global issues.
  • Political Theory: Examining political ideas and philosophies.
  • Public Policy: Analyzing government decisions and policies and their impacts.
  • American Politics: Specializing in the political system and behavior in the United States.

Description

Political Scientists contribute vital insights into the functioning of political systems and their impact on societies. They use both qualitative and quantitative research methods to understand political dynamics and to forecast political, social, and economic trends. This role often involves analyzing data, developing theories, and evaluating the effectiveness of different political strategies and policies.

The profession requires excellent analytical skills, as Political Scientists must be able to interpret complex data and political documents. Strong communication skills are also important, both for presenting findings and for publishing research. Many Political Scientists engage in teaching, which involves shaping the next generation of political thinkers and practitioners.

A career in political science is intellectually stimulating and offers the opportunity to influence and contribute to discussions on important political issues. Political Scientists often find themselves at the forefront of understanding current events and predicting future political trends, making their work both challenging and impactful.

Job Satisfaction

Sources of satisfaction

You might make a good Political Scientist if you are...

Pros:

  • Opportunity to impact political thought and public policy.
  • Diverse career paths in government, academia, and private sector.
  • Engaging in varied research and analysis on dynamic and current topics.

Cons:

  • Potentially high level of competition, especially in academia.
  • Need for extensive education and specialization.
  • Pressure to publish and contribute original research.

How to become a Political Scientist

Typical education

Most positions in this field require a master's degree or Ph.D. in political science, public administration, or a related field. This means around 6-10 years of post-secondary education, including undergraduate and graduate studies.

High school preparation

Courses:

  • Government and Politics to understand basic political structures.
  • History for a background in political developments.
  • Statistics and Mathematics for data analysis skills.
  • English and Writing to develop communication skills.

Extra-Curricular Activities:

  • Join debate clubs or Model United Nations.
  • Volunteer in political campaigns or community organizations.
  • Engage in student government to gain practical experience in politics.

Preparation after high school

  • Pursue a bachelor's degree in political science, international relations, or a related field.
  • Consider internships with government agencies, political organizations, or non-profits.
  • Obtain a master's degree or Ph.D. in political science or a related field for advanced research and teaching positions.
  • Gain practical experience through volunteering, internships, or working with research institutions.

More resources

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